Detection of QTLs on panicle and grain number in rice (Oryza sativaL): a review

Effective panicle number, grain number, and grain weight are the three components of rice yield, of which grain number shows the highest variation and makes the largest contribution to yield output.Rice panicle number per plant is a grain yield component that directly influences rice yield. The identification of the genes controlling panicle number will play a vital role in high-yield rice breeding.Studies on QTL of panicle number in rice are limited to morphological description and primary mapping.In a study, is reported that the qPN1 gene affects panicle number per plant and several other agronomic traits, using CSSLs derived from Nipponbare and Guangluai 4. Rice grain number is quantitatively inherited and a great deal of quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping for grain number have been conducted using various mapping populations. recently, Gn1a, a QTL located on chromosome 1 that increases grain number in rice, and elucidated the molecular mechanism of this gene. Panicle morphology and grain number are influenced by the development of the panicle main axis, primary and secondary branches, spikelet development, and developmental phase transitions. Grain number is linearly correlated with total plant N content. Application of nitrogen fertilizers prior to the panicle initiation stage is known to affect inflorescence development and increase flower numbers per panicle.